▶ その他論文・出版物 Other 2016-2023
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2024
- Yamada H., Yamada R., Tani M., Nishiyama M.: Damage Evaluation for Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls via Motion Capture and Optical Fiber Sensors, Structures, Vol.60, Article 105955, 2024.1 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2024.105955)
- Yamada R., Tani M., Nishiyama M.: Effect of Out-of-plane Deformation and Varying Axial Load on Sliding Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls, Structures, Vol.65, Article 106661, 2024.7 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2024.106661)
- 西川真生,山田諒,谷昌典,松永健太郎:アンボンドPCaPC柱の曲げ性状に載荷方向と鋼繊維補強が及ぼす影響,第33回プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集,pp.45-50,2024.10
- 古澤蒼生,山田諒,谷昌典:アンボンドPC部材の復元力特性が限界耐力計算による応答評価に及ぼす影響,第33回プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集,pp.57-62,2024.10
2023
- Lim, S., Tani, M., Watanabe, H., Mukai, T., Nishimura, E., Hori, S., Hattori, T., Matsumoto, D., Nishiyama, M.: Strengthening method by using ultra-high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete panels for a column on the soft first story of a reinforced concrete building, Engineering Structures, Volume 278, Article 115468, 2023.3 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.115468)
- 古澤蒼生,山田諒,谷昌典,松永健太郎:梁端拡幅部で圧着接合されたアンボンドPCaPC梁部材における補強筋配筋と鋼繊維補強コンクリートによる力学挙動の改善,第32回プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集,pp.447-452,2023.10
- 西川真生,山田諒,谷昌典,松永健太郎:アンボンドPCaPC柱のせん断挙動に水平力の載荷方向が及ぼす影響,第32回プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集,pp.459-464,2023.10
- 大槻大和,山田諒,谷昌典,松永健太郎:アンボンドPCaPC柱のせん断挙動にせん断スパン比と帯筋比が及ぼす影響,第32回プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集,pp.453-458,2023.10
2022
- Bedriñana, L.A., Tani, M, Kono, S., and Nishiyama, M.: Evaluation of the Seismic Performance of Unbonded Post-tensioned Precast Concrete Walls with Internal and External Dampers. Part I: Experimental Research, Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 148, Issue 8, 2022.8 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0003349)
- Bedriñana, L.A., Tani, M, Kono, S., and Nishiyama, M.: Evaluation of the Seismic Performance of Unbonded Post-tensioned Precast Concrete Walls with Internal and External Dampers. Part II: Design Criteria and Numerical Research, Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 148, Issue 8, 2022.8 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0003395)
- Yamada, R., Tani, M., Nishiyama, M.: Tri-directional Loading Tests on Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls, ACI Structural Journal, V.119, No.5, pp.129-140. 2022.9 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.14359/51734796)
- 谷昌典,吉田遥夏,山田諒,向井智久,中村聡宏:1層のみに新設開口を設けたRC 造実大連層耐力壁架構の有限要素解析,日本地震工学会論文集,2022.12
2021
- 谷昌典:鉄筋コンクリート構造の技術的変遷第20回「プレストレストコンクリート構造の設計法の変遷」(その1:PC誕生の歴史と日本における終局強度設計法の変遷),ビルディングレター,第661号,pp.1-13,2021.1
- 谷昌典:鉄筋コンクリート構造の技術的変遷第21回「プレストレストコンクリート構造の設計法の変遷」(その2:新耐震基準および性能規定化への対応,アンボンドPC構造およびPRC構造),ビルディングレター,第662号,pp.1-12,2021.2
- Liu, Y., Nishiyama, M., Tani, M., Kurata, M., and Iwata, K.: Steel Beam with Web Opening Reinforced by Induction Heating, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, Vol.176, Article 106399, 2021.1 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106399)
- Wang, B., Nishiyama, M., Zhu, S., Tani, M., and Jiang, H.: Development of novel self-centering steel coupling beams without beam elongation for earthquake resilience, Engineering Structures, Volume 232, Article 111827, 2021.4 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111827)
- Liu, Y., Iwata, K., Sanda, S., Nishiyama, M., and Tani, M.: Development of curved braces partially strengthened by induction heating, Engineering Structures, Volume 233, Article 111754, 2021.4 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111754)
- Bedriñana, L.A., Tani, M, and Nishiyama, M.: Deformation and cyclic buckling capacity of external replaceable hysteretic dampers for unbonded post-tensioned precast concrete walls, Engineering Structures, Volume 235, Article 112045, 2021.5 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112045)
- 谷昌典,松永健太郎,田野健治:梁端拡幅部で圧着接合部されたPC梁部材の定着部補強筋設計,第30回プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集,pp.171-176,2021.10
2020
- Liu, Y., Tani, M., Kurata, M., Watase, C., and Nishiyama, M.: Study on I-shaped section steel braces partially strengthened by induction heating, Engineering Structures, Volume 210, Article 110341, 2020.5 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110341)
- 谷昌典:日本建築学会「プレストレストコンクリート造建築物の保有水平耐力計算指針(案)・同解説」の発刊について,プレストレストコンクリート,62巻4号,pp.12-17,2020.7
- 劉媛,安井彬磨,西山峰広,谷昌典:誘導加熱により部分高強度化した座屈拘束ダンパー,第29回プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集,2020.10
2019
- 谷昌典,山田諒,西山峰広:高圧縮軸力を受けるPCaPC圧着柱の力学性状と性能評価,第28回プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集,pp.215-220,2019.10
- 長屋翔悟,劉媛,西山峰広,谷昌典:熱処理鋼棒ダンパーのアンボンドPCaPC耐震壁への適用,第28回プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集,pp.209-214,2019.10
2018
- 谷昌典:プレストレストコンクリート建築物の保有水平耐力計算における部材種別判定について,プレストレストコンクリート,Vol.60,No.4,pp.20-23,2018.7
2017
- M., Tani, T., Mukai, T., Demizu, S., Kono, H., Kinugasa, and M., Maeda : Full-Scale Static Loading Test on a Five Story Reinforced Concrete Building (Part2: Damage Analysis), Proceedings of the 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Paper No.1879, pp.1-11, 2017.1
- 谷昌典,高橋毅,坂下雅信:実験データベースに基づくPC梁部材の構造性能評価手法の予測精度検証,第26回プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集,pp.69-74,2017.10
2016
- Bedriñana, L.A., Tani, M., and Nishiyama, M., “Analytical Study on Residual Displacements in Reinforced Concrete Cantilever Walls under Cyclic Loading,” Proceedings of the 11th fib PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering, pp.1-8, 2016.8
▶ その他論文・出版物 Other 2010-2012
[close]
2012
- 谷昌典、加藤博人、福山洋、坂下雅信、櫻井真人、倉本洋、河野進:せん断破壊が先行するRC造有開口耐力壁の最大耐力時せん断変形角に関する検討,日本地震工学会年次大会梗概集,pp.222-223,2012.11
2011
- 内山元希, 坂下雅信, 河野進, 西山峰広: せん断破壊するPCaPC柱の破壊モードとせん断耐力評価, プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集, PCEA, pp.85-90, 2011.
2010
- Im S., Ninshiyama, M., Tani, M.: Mechanical Properties of Presressing Steel at High Temperature, 3nd International fib Congress, Washington DC, USA, PaperID #467, 2010.
- Jee J., Ninshiyama, M., Tani, M.: Evaluation of Shear Design Procedures for Prestressed Concrete Members, 3nd International fib Congress, Washington DC, USA, PaperID #455, 2010.
- Tani, M., Ninshiyama, M.: Theoretical Modeling of Prestressed Concrete Members Subjected to Shear Considerating Bond Strength of PT Tendons, 3nd International fib Congress, Washington DC, USA, PaperID #435, 2010.
- Kono S., Katayama T., Watanabe F.: Seismic Retrofit of RC or SRC Buildings with Prestressed Braces, Joint Conference Proceedings 7th International Conference on Urban Earthquake Engineering (7CUEE) & 5th International Conference on Earthquake Engineering (5ICEE), March 3-5, 2010, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 735-744, 2010.
- Kono, S. Inada, K. Sakashita, M. Sato H.: Lateral Load Resistance of L-Shaped Core-Walls for Tall Buildings, 3nd International fib Congress, Washington DC, USA, PaperID #613, 2010.
- 内山元希, 坂下雅信, 河野進, 西山峰広: 高強度材料を用いたPCaPC柱のせん断耐力に関する研究, プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集, PCEA, pp. 71-76, 2010.
- 李在満, 谷昌典, 坂下雅信, 河野進: 高強度せん断補強筋を有するプレキャストプレストレストコンクリート梁のせん断斜張力破壊に関する実験的研究, プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集, PCEA, pp. 77-80, 2010.
▶ その他論文・出版物 Other 2005-2009
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2009
- Bechtoula H., Kono S., Watanabe F.: Seismic performance of high strength reinforced concrete columns, Structural Engineering and Mechanics, Techno Press, Vol. 31, No.6, pp. 697-716, 2009.
- Kono S., Katayama T.: Seismic Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Building Structures with Prestressed Braces, Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, JCI, Vol. 7, No.3, pp. 337-346, 2009.
- Ichioka Y., Kono S., Nishiyama M., Watanabe F.: Hybrid System Using Precast Prestressed Frame with Corrugated Steel Panel Damper, Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, JCI, Vol. 7, No.3, pp. 297-306, 2009.
- Ichioka Y., Kono S., Watanabe F.: New Structural Building System with Minimal Residual Seismic Damage, Second International Workshop on Performance, Protection and Strengthening of Structures under Extreme Loading, Aug 19-21, Hayama, Japan, Paper N066, 2009.
- Sakashita M., Kono S., Watanabe F., Tanaka H.: Simulation of Lateral Force Resisting Behavior of Multi-story Structural Walls, Second International Workshop on Performance, Protection and Strengthening of Structures under Extreme Loading, Aug 19-21, Hayama, Japan, Paper N064, 2009.
- Doi M., Sakashita M., Kono S., Tanaka H.: Ultimate Shear Capacity of Multi-Story RC Structural Walls with Eccentric Openings, Second International Workshop on Performance, Protection and Strengthening of Structures under Extreme Loading, Aug 19-21, Hayama, Japan, Paper N105, 2009.
- Kono S., Doi M., Lee J., Tanaka H.: Seismic Retrofit of RC Members Using FRP with Very Low Young’s Modulus and High Deformation Capability, International Workshop on Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Structures, March 30th, NCREE, Taipei, 2009.
- Kono S., Doi M., Lee J., Tanaka H.: Seismic Retrofit of RC Members Using FRP with Very Low Young's Modulus and High Deformation Capability, Fifth International Conference on Urban Earthquake Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, March, 2009.
2008
14WCE
- Wang J., Sakashita M., Kono S., Tanaka H., Warashina M.: A Macro Model for Reinforced Concrete Structural Walls Having Various Opening Ratios, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 05-01-0105, 2008.
- Sakashita M., Watanabe F., Kono S., Tanaka H.: Macro Model Simulating the Seismic Force Resisting Mechanism of Multi-Story Shearwalls Supported by Piles, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 14-0143, 2008.
- Tanaka Y., Ichioka Y., Kono S., Ohta Y., Watanabe F.: Precast Prestressed Portal Frames with Corrugated Steel Panel Dampers, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 12-01-0123, 2008.
- Doi M., Ichioka Y., Ohata Y., Kono S., Watanabe F.: Seismic Behavior of Hybrid System with Corrugated Steel Shear Panel and RC Frame, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 12-01-0122, 2008.
- Hasegawa H., Sakashita M., Urabe A., Kono S., Tanaka H., Watanabe F.: Seismic Force Resisting Mechanism of the Multi-Story Precast Concrete Shear wall Supported on Piles, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 12-01-0124, 2008.
- Mori K., Murakami K., Sakashita M., Kono S., Tanaka H.: Seismic Performance of Multi-Story Shearwall with an Adjacent Frame Considering Uplift of Foundation, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 05-01-0242, 2008.
- Inada K., Chosa K., Sato H., Kono S., Watanabe F.: Seismic Performance of RC L-Shaped Core Structural Walls, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 12-01-0134, 2008.
- Oda M., Kono S., Watanabe F.: Seismic Retrofit of RC Buildings with Prestressed Precast CFT and FRC Braces, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper S15-028, 2008.
- Kono S., Doi M., Lee J., Tanaka H.: Seismic Retrofit of RC Members Using FRP with Very Low Young's Modulus, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 05-03-0120, 2008.
- Warashina M., Kono S., Sakashita M., Tanaka H.: Shear Behavior of Multi-Story RC Structural Walls with Eccentric Openings, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper S15-029, 2008.
- Lee J., Kono S., Watanabe F., Cheong Y.: Softening Behavior of RC Columns under Cyclic Loading, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 05-03-0051, 2008.
- Ryu N., Ichioka Y., Nishiyama M., Kono S., Watanabe F.: Use of Graded Composite Strands in PCAPC Structures for Better Seismic Performance, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 12-03-0077, 2008.
- Ichioka Y., Kono S., Watanabe F.: Structural System Enabling Prompt Recovery after Earthquakes, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China, pp. Paper 05-06-0080, 2008.
その他
- Kono S., Hasegawa H., Mori K., Ichioka Y., Sakashita M., Watanabe F.: Low cycle fatigue characteristics of high strength concrete, Eighth International Symposium on Utilization of High-Strength and High-Performance Concrete, October 27-29, Tokyo, Vol. 1, pp. 616-621, 2008.
- Kono S., Ichioka Y., Ohta Y., Watanabe F.: Hybrid RC Building Structures with Corrugated Steel Shear Panels, IABSE Congress on Creating and Renewing Urban Structures, Tall Buildings, Bridges and Infrastructure, September 17-19, Chicago, Paper A-0903, 2008.
- Kono S., Oda M., Watanabe F.: Use of CFT Braces for Seismic Retrofit of Building Structures, International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Disaster Mitigation - 2008, April 14-15, 2008, Jakarta, Indonesia, pp. Paper 053. 2008.
- Kono S., Ichioka Y., Kashiwai Y., Ohta Y., Watanabe F.: Performance of hybrid system with corrugated steel shear panel installed in rc frames, Fifth International Conference on Urban Earthquake Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, March, 2008.
2007
- 市岡有香子, 河野進, 渡邉史夫, 太田義弘: 波形鋼板を用いた履歴型ダンパー付PCaPC架構の力学性状, プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集, PCEA, pp. 227-232, 2007.
- 小田衛, 金尾伊織, 河野進, 渡邉史夫: CFTおよびFRCを用いた自己圧着型耐震補強ブレース工法の研究, プレストレストコンクリートの発展に関するシンポジウム論文集, PCEA, pp. 245-250, 2007.
- Kono S., Oda M., Watanabe F.: Seismic retrofit of RC structures with prestressed CFT and FRC braces, Eighth Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Dec 5-7, Singapore, Paper 8PCEE/109, 2007.
- Kono S., Oda M., Watanabe F.: Proposal of a new RC structure seismic retrofit method using prestressed concrete braces, Structural Engineering World Congress - 2007, Nov 2-7, 2007, Bangalore, India, Paper 123, 2007.
- Kono S., Ichioka Y., Ohta Y., Watanabe F.: Seismic Performance of Hybrid System with Corrugated Steel Shear Panel and RC Frame, First International Workshop on Performance, Protection and Strengthening of Structures under Extreme Loading, Aug 20 - 22, Whistler, Canada, Paper JPN15, 2007.
2006
- Bechtoula H., Sakashita M., Kono S., Watanabe F., Eberhard M., O: Cyclic Performance of Lower Stories of Mid-Rise Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings, Structural Journal, American Concrete Institute, Vol. 103, No. 4, pp. 513-518, 2006.
- Kono S., Bechtoula H., Sakashita M., Tanaka H., Watanabe F., Eberhard M.: Damage Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Columns Under High Axial Loading, Special publication, American Concrete Institute, SP237-11, pp. 165-176, 2006.
- Kono S., Watanabe F.: Seismic retrofit using precast prestressed concrete braces, 8th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, DISC1 No. 8NCEE-000635, 2006.
- Kono S., Sakashita M., Tanaka H.: Seismic Force Resisting Mechanism of a Multi-Story Structural Wall Supported by Piles, 8th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, DISC1 No. 8NCEE-000634, 2006.
- Kono S., Watanabe F.: Seismic Performance of RC Structures Strengthened with Precast Prestressed Concrete Braces, 2nd International fib Congress, June 5-8, Naples, Italy, No. 9-36, 2006.
- Ichioka Y., Kono S., Watanabe F., Nishiyama M., Arakane M.: Seismic Behavior of Precast Prestressed Concrete Members with Graded Composite Strands, 2nd International fib Congress, June 5-8, Naples, Italy, No. 14-17, 2006.
- Bechtoula H., Kono S., Watanabe F.: Seismic Design Proposal Based on a Study on RC Columns and Frame Sub-assemblage, 2nd International fib Congress, June 5-8, Naples, Italy, No. 9-31, 2006.
- Sakashita M., Kono S., Tanaka H.: Lateral Force Resisting Mechanism of a Multi-story Shear Wall and Peripheral Members, 2nd International fib Congress, June 5-8, Naples, Italy, No. 9-17, 2006.
- Tani, M. and Nishiyama, M.: Tensile Froce Evaluation of Unbonded PT Bars in Precast Concrete Columns, 2nd International fib Congress, June 5-8, Naples, Italy, No. 2-32, 2006.
- 河野進, 松田拓己, 渡邉史夫: 自己圧着コンクリートブレースを用いたRC架構の耐震補強効果, 日本建築学会構造工学論文集, Vol. 52B, pp. 273-278, 2006.
- 市岡有香子, 河野進, 西山峰広, 渡邉史夫, 荒金勝: 混合より線を用いたPCaPC門型架構の力学的性状に関する研究, 日本建築学会構造工学論文集, Vol. 52B, pp. 279-284, 2006.
- 倉本洋, 前田匡樹, 河野進, 楠浩一, 真田靖士, 高橋典之, ファウザン, 山野辺宏治: 2006 年5 月27 日インドネシアジャワ島中部地震による建物被害, 第12回日本地震工学シンポジウム論文集, CDROM No.S2-5, pp. 100-105, 2006.
2005
- Bechtoula H., Masanobu S., Kono S., Watanabe F.: Seismic performance of 1/4-scale RC frames subjected to axial and cyclic reversed lateral loads, Computers and Concrete, Techno-Press, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 147-164, 2005.
- Kono S., Watanabe F.: Seismic retrofit using precast prestressed concrete braces, Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges Buildings and other Structures, August 14-19, 2005, Maui, Hawaii, 2005.
▶ その他論文・出版物 Other 2002-2004
[close]
2004
- Bechtoula H., Sakashita M., Kono S., Watanabe F., Eberhard M.: Experimental and analytical study on 1/4 scale reinforced concrete frames, Concrete under severe conditions: environment and loading, Seoul, June, 2, pp. 1256-1263, 2004.
- Sakashita M., Bechtoula H., Kono S., Tanaka H., Watanabe F.: Experiment on the interaction between shear wall, slab, foundation beam, and pile elements to study their combined lateral force resisting mechanism, Concrete under severe conditions: environment and loading, Seoul, June, 2, pp. 1176-1183, 2004.
- Lee J.S., Kono S., Watanabe F.: Experimental study on the shear behavior of deep beams indirectly loaded by transverse beams, Concrete under severe conditions: environment and loading, Seoul, June, 2, pp. 1091-1098, 2004.
- Bechtoula H., Sakashita M., Kono S., Watanabe F., Eberhard M.: Simulation of damage progression in lower stories of 11-story building, The 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, August, Paper 3246, 2004.
- Sakashita M., Bechtoula H., Kono S., Tanaka H., Watanabe F.: A study on the seismic force resisting mechanism of a multi-story shear wall system considering the interaction between wall, slab, foundation beam, and pile elements, The 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, August, Paper 3482, 2004.
- Watanabe F., Miyazaki S., Tani M., Kono S.: Seismic Strengthening Using Precast Prestressed Concrete Braces, The 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, August, Paper 3406, 2004.
- YUE W., Nishiyama, M., Watanabe, F.: Shear strength capacity of prestressed concrete beam-column joint focusing on tendon anchorage location, The 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, August, Paper 312, 2004.
2003
- Kono S., Arai Y., Bechtoula H., Watanabe F.: Damage assessment of reinforced concrete columns under high axial loading, International Conference on Performance of Construction Materials, Cairo, 1, pp. 291-300, 2003.
- Kono S., Bechtoula H., Sakashita M., Tanaka H., Watanabe F., Eberhard M.: Damage assessment of reinforced concrete columns under high axial loading, US-Japan-Europe workshop on Simulation of Collapse of Concrete Structures: from Research to Practice, November 2 to 4, Maui Prince Hotel in Makena, Maui, 2003.
2002
- Kono S., Bechtoula H., Watanabe F.: Damage evaluation of reinforced concrete columns under large axial load and lateral deformation, The First FIB Congress 2002, 1, pp. 279-286 Session 6, 2002.
- Kaku T., Kono S., Matsuno K.: Bond Strength of Reinforced Concrete Members Confined with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheet, The First FIB Congress 2002, 1, pp. 233-242 Session 6, 2002.